It is well-documented that background knowledge and vocabulary are two essential components for comprehending what we hear, what we read, and what we write. Often overlooked, however, is the importance of syntax, or sentence structure, and cohesive ties, the 'glue' authors use to tie ideas together within and between sentences. Transition words and pronoun referents lead this important work in a reciprocal manner: what we can write improves what we can understand when we read. Dr. Tolman's session will clarify the 'why', 'what', and 'how' of syntax instruction, exploring how direct lessons and pre-planning lead to improved reading comprehension and writing.